养老事业与养老产业的比较研究——以日本养老事业与养老产业为例

日本养老事业与养老产业经历了初创期、扩充期和转换期的三个不同发展时期。其间，先后颁布了《生活保护法》、《国民健康保险法》、《国民年金法》、《老年人福利法》、《老年人保健法》、《护理保险法》等六项法律和法规。这些法律、法规较好地满足了老年人的经济需求、健康需求、情感需求、生活需求和其他需求等。较为成功的日本养老事业和养老产业的发展史告诉人们，无论是养老事业，还是养老产业，都要有一套较为完善的法律、法规作保障；满足老年人的不同需求，必须实现老年人福利社会化。只有这样，才能较好地满足老年人不断变化的不同需求，才能全面提高为老年人服务的水平。

Comparative Study on the Old-Age Care Undertakings and Old-Age Care Industry——Taking Japan for Example

The old-age care undertakings and old-age care industry of Japan have gone through three different development stages,which are early stage,branched stage,and transformation stage.During these periods,Living Protection Law,Citizen Health Insurance Law,Citizen Annuity Law,the Aged Welfare Law,the Aged Health Care Law and the Nursing Insurance Law were promulgated.These laws and regulations have preferably fulfilled the economic needs,healthy needs,emotional needs,living needs,and other needs of the aged.The ...