关于西学东渐的经验教训——兼论话语霸权与“失语症”问题

佛教传入中国并与中国本土儒学之文化融合,被看作是中外思想文化融合的成功范例。但明末清初之时,西方基督教(天主教)文化传入中国,却与中国本土文化产生了激烈的冲突。这既有西方宗教文化对中国思想文化的霸权主义因素,也有中国统治者坚持儒家道统决不动摇的原因。"五四"新文化运动开启的引进西学并高扬西学,同时对中国传统思想文化进行自戮式的贬抑,一直是中国20世纪思想文化发展的基调。其结果是中国思想文化界长期处于西方话语霸权下的"失语症"状态。要恢复中国思想文化主体地位或找回"失语",只有在艰苦的中西思想文化的会通中才能完成。

The experience and lessons from the dissemination of Western learning in China:the issue of discourse hegemony and "aphasia"

The spreading of Buddhism in China and its integration with Confucianism is ever regarded as a successful model of the integration of Chinese culture and Western culture. But in the period between late Ming and early Qing, Christianity (Catholicism) experienced intensive conflicts with native Chinese culture when it spread to China. This is not only caused by the hegemony of Western religious culture to Chinese culture, but also by the Chinese rulers' persistence in Confucianism. The introduction and promotion of Western learning beginning from the May 4th New Culture Movement, which belittled traditional Chinese culture at the same time, has always been the keynote of 20th Chinese culture. The result is prolonged aphasia of Chinese culture under the hegemony of Western culture. To restore the statues of Chinese culture and redress aphasia, strenuous efforts are needed in the integration of Chinese culture and Western culture.