明代西南总督与民族社会冲突调控

明代总督之制,始于西南。本文在对明代30余任西南总督的统计基础上,探讨了总督置罢、事权授予、辖区大小、任期长短与西南民族地区社会冲突之间的内在联系。文章提出,西南总督之暂设,以及西南民族社会冲突主要依托西南数省之力调控,皆反映了明中央王朝重北轻南的边疆战略思想。西南总督之设,虽有维护边疆民族地区统一和稳定之意义,但大军征讨所带来的破坏与影响至为沉重,是为史鉴。

The Southwestern Governor-General and the Social and Ethnic Conflict Control in Ming Dynasty

The origin of governor-general of Ming Dynasty is the Southwestern Governor-General. This paper lists more than 30 southwestern governor-generals of the Ming, including their commissions, areas under their jurisdiction, terms of office, and the establishment and removing of the office. The author argues that these facts have an internal relation with the social and ethnic conflicts in the southwest. The paper points out that the southwestern governor-general was not a formal office and the social and ethnic conflict control depended on the local power. The author regards the facts as a reflection of an aspect of the policy on the border area in Ming Dynasty. From this strategy, the northern border area had a priority. The establishment of the southwestern governor-general had some importance for the stabilization and unifying of the region, but the punitive expedition against rebel force was a great damage to the area. This is a historicallesson.