海外穆斯林商人与明朝海外交通政策

海外穆斯林商人与明朝前期(1368-1505)的海外交通政策曾相互影响。洪武时期,由于明太祖在海外交通政策上推行勘合制度,曾促使海外穆斯林商人借助官方使节的身份开展对华贸易活动;永乐时期,海外穆斯林商人则把明成祖的“通四夷”政策引向西洋(印度洋)地区,郑和正是凭借了海外穆斯林的商业网络而使下西洋活动获得成功;宣德以后,明朝停止主动派遣使节下西洋,海外华人穆斯林则在中外海上交往活动中扮演了主要角色。通过与海外穆斯林的交往,明朝社会也形成了一个诚信守规、扶贫济苦、清洁卫生的的伊斯兰文明观。

On the interaction between overseas Muslim merchants and overseas policies of the Ming dynasty

Overseas Muslim merchants and overseas policies of Ming dynasty affected each other. During the reign of Hongwu, the emperor performed the policy of “Kan he”, which encouraged the coming of the overseas Muslim merchants as government ambassadors; during the reign of Yongle, overseas Muslim merchants extended the policy of “foreign communications” to the Indian Ocean area, and it was with help from the overseas Muslim merchants that Zhenghe succeeded in his west expedition. But, from emperor Xuande and thereafter, no ambassador was sent to the west, while overseas Muslim merchants played an important role in linking China and overseas. During the intercourse with overseas Muslim merchants, there came into being in the Ming society an Islam concept of civilized conduct characterized by honoring the rules, helping the poor and unprivileged, and valuing sanctity and health.