语言走廊:河陇近代语言地理研究

处在青藏高原、内蒙古高原和黄土高原之间的河陇,是汉语与周边民族语言及丝绸之路东西往来的各种人群语言的接触地带,其近代语言地理格局呈现出显著的"走廊特征".其一,河陇是东亚与中亚、西亚和欧洲之间语言传播的走廊地带.其二,河陇廊道语言具有"潮间带"现象:一方面是河陇近代语言发展过程中存在区域官方语言交替的现象,从而使其语言存在"胡化"和"华化"两个过程;另一方面是在汉语、藏语和蒙古语之间存在语言"潮间带"现象.其三,由于不断地从中原移民于边塞,维持了汉语在走廊语言群落中的主导地位,从而使河陇汉语方言产生地域分异.

Language Corridor: A Study on the Language Geography in Helong in Modern Times

Helong, surrounded by the Tibetan plateau, the Inner Mongolian Plateau and the Loess Plateau, is a multilingual area, where Mandarin, languages of ethnical minority groups, and other languages used in the times of the Silk Road can still be found. Therefore, the geography of the modern languages used in Helong reveals its "corridor characteristics". Firstly, Helong is a linguistic corridor between East Asia, Central Asia, West Asia and Europe. Secondly, the languages used in Helong have the "intertidal-zone" phenomenon. On the one hand, the alternation of regional official languages has been found in the development of modern languages in Helong, on the other hand, "intertidal-zone" phenomenon occurs among Mandarin, Tibetan and Mongolian.Thirdly, in order to maintain Mandarin's dominant position among different linguistic groups in the corridor, immigrants from south of the Yellow River continually move to the frontier fortress, which results in the regional differentiations of Chinese dialects in Helong.