乡土传统的两种想象和叙事

五四以来,文学创作中的乡土传统走着两条道路,一条为诗性的乡土叙事,充满温情的忆念。另一条为批判和反讽,重在揭示农民身上的劣根性。贾平凹的长篇小说《秦腔》,再现了清风镇乡民们的日常生活,沿袭着乡村叙述的反讽路子,揭示批判了农民身上的痼疾和问题,表达了农耕文明行将消亡的现实状态。《高兴》预示着贾平凹创作上的一个值得注意的新变化,这部作品的叙事充满温暖,特别是以主人公刘高兴为代表的拾破烂群体,他们之间的相互关爱帮助,成为一道温暖人心的风景。尽管他的外部环境冷漠冰凉,但是在人物生存的小群体精神依存上,依然让人感到了希望之光。

Two Different Rural Traditions of Imagination and Narrative

Since May 4th Movement, the local-colored literature has developed into two ways： one is the poetic narration of local color. Which is full of mild reminiscence; the other is the criticism and irony of the characteristic defects in the farmers. Shaanxi Opera by Jia Ping-wa, which depicts the daily life of the villagers in Qingfeng Town , follows the ironical style of the local-colored literatiure, critically exposing the demerits of the farmers and presenting a realistic picture of the vanish of the farming civilization. Happiness indicates a new remarkable trend in Jia Ping-wa＇s literary production. Its narration is filled with mildness and warmth. Liu Gaoxing, the protagonist, is the representative of the garbage collectors, whose mutual concerns and assistance unfolds a heart-warming scene. Despite the indifference and coldness of the exterior circumstance, the light of hope is flickering spiritually in the life of this group of people.