中心的消解:一个华北乡村庙会中的平权与等级

庙会体现的是对乡村神祗权威的建构,也隐含一种消解中心的倾向,这种倾向一方面体现于每个人都可以参与的庙会表演,另一方面也体现于庙会组织本身,即庙会组织提倡在轮值的所有会头之间维系一种平等以及责任分担的原则。对等级的消解从日常生活中生发出来,在庙会仪式生活中这种等级似乎又得到重新建构,但这实际还是一种消解和否定,通过欢快的表演而得以实现。同时,一种新的平等状态会通过这种内隐的消去等级结构的去结构化倾向而获得。

The Dissolution of a Centre:Hierarchy and Egalitarianism of Temples Meeting Festival in a North China Area

The author stresses that what is happened in the time of hierarchical construction on miaohui, i.e. ritual life time, is implied a possibility of dissolution to the authoritative centre itself. The dissolution is realized by the arguments of egalitarianism against the hierarchy. In this sense, the egalitarianism and hierarchy is coexisted side by side in a society rather than the isolated existed of the former one in the West, and the latter one in the East, especially in the caste society in India as Louis Dumont once described on it. The tendency of the dissolution is embodied through the festival display in random and pleasure. It is also embodied by the implicit principle of the temple organization which is argued for an equal or shared responsibility among the nineteen leaders of the organization, i.e. hui tou.