明清以来中西文化影响下的艺术表现形式——兼谈中国文化艺术现代化发展的构建

中西文化艺术上的交流在历史上曾出现过三次浪潮：魏晋隋唐时期的“梵学东渐”、明末清初的“中学西传”和晚清民国时期的“西学东渐”。从广度和深度上看，明清以后的两次文化艺术上的中西交流影响甚为深远。从两次“西学东渐”的文化交流主体方向上来看，前者是主动的吸取（梵学），而后者则是被动的接受。这主要是当时的国力使然。如何在明清以来的中西文化艺术交流的背景下构建现代艺术。文章认为，在艺术的现代化转型时期，面对西方文化艺术上的强大的攻势．中国的艺术必须在坚持民族性传统的前提下，以融合中西为途径。努力摆脱“西方中心主义”观念下的边缘化倾向，从而在走出“跟世界接轨”的误区后真正实现艺术上的现代化构建。

Forms of Artistic Expression under the Influence of Chinese and Western Cultures Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties——Also On the Development of Modern Chinese Culture and Arts

There has been three tides in history for the communications between the Chinese and Western cultures. Those are： ＂the eastward of Vatican study＂ during Wei, Jin, Sui and Tang Dynasties, ＂the westward of Chinese culture＂ during the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, and then ＂the eastward of Western culture＂ during the late Qing Dynasty and the period of Republic of China. In depth and breadth, the impact of the communications after the Ming and Qing dynasties are more far-reaching. From the main body of ＂the eastward of Western culture＂, we can see that at the former time, China tried to absorb the western culture actively （Vatican study）, while at the latter time, China was forced to do so. This was the result of national power. Then, how to develop the modern Chinese art after its communication with the west ever since the Ming and Qing Dynasties？ The author holds the opinion that during the transformational period of modern art, in the face of the powerful Western culture and arts, Chinese art must adhere to its national traditions and seek a best way to integrate with the western one. We have to spare no efforts to shake off the concept of ＂West center＂ and realize the modernized developments of our art after getting rid of the misunderstanding of ＂keeping in pace with the world＂.