西方学界的东方转向及其应对:跨文化比较诗学评议

第二次世界大战后,西方殖民主义衰退,文明重心逐渐东移。以跨文化研究为本质特征的比较诗学在20世纪中期以后的兴起和发展,是西方学界的"东方转向"的产物,这意味着文学研究的某种重大转折或某种新的学术范式的确立。东方仅仅是包含了中国而不能等同于中国,在当今的世界文化格局中,中国作为东方多元文化中的一元,所占据的地位和影响还是比较有限的。国内的比较诗学研究基本围绕中西诗学,带有较为浓厚的"西方中心论"色彩,我们还需要向非西方和后发展国家等多方面地拓展我们的比较诗学研究。在跨文化比较诗学研究中自觉推动中国诗学,主动积极融入世界主义诗学话语建构的历史进程,赋予其新的内容与形式,这对于未来中国诗学的学术创新具有重要意义。

Oriental Turn in Western Community and Our Response: A Review of Inter-cultural Comparative Poetics

After the World War Ⅱ,Western colonialism declines and center-piece of civilizations gradually move to the East.The rise and development of comparative poetics after the mid-twentieth century focusing on the study of inter-cultural facts and phenomena has resulted in the turning of Oriental turn,which suggests the significant turning point of literary criticism as well as the establishment of a new paradigm.The East includes but not just China,among the framework of the current world cultures,as one of the multi-cultural elements,China has taken a relatively limited position and influence.The comparative poetics in China has generally based on Sino-West poetics with a thick shade of the West-center focus,thus we need to enlarge the scope to our Comparative Poetics to non-Western and underdeveloped countries.In the course of the inter-cultural Poetics studies,it is academically and innovatively beneficial and important to promote Chinese poetics to the amalgamation into the historical process of cosmopolitism poetics discourse,endowing it with fresher form and content.