知识产权制度以利益平衡为视角的法律思考

知识产权是因个人创造性智力劳动而由知识产权人享有的一种专有权。要解决知识产权人对知识产品的垄断与社会公众对知识产品的合理需求之间的矛盾,应从知识产权制度与知识创新的关系着手,反思知识产权制度造成的负面影响,建立知识产权利益平衡机制。利益平衡作为知识产权的内在精神和外部机制,是一个动态的、永无止境的辨证过程。知识产权制度只有在对利益平衡目标的不断追求中,才能实现对社会资源最合理的配置。

Legal Consideration on Intellectual Property System from the Perspective of Interest Balance

Intellectual property is a kind of exclusive rights enjoyed by the intellectual property owner based on personally creative intellectual work. To solve the contradiction between the monopoly in knowledge product shared by the intellectual property owner and the rational demands for the knowledge product of the public, it should set about from the relation between intellectual property system and knowledge innovation, review some negative effects caused by intellectual property system and establish the mechanism of balancing of interests in intellectual property. This paper holds that, as an inherent spirit and external mechanism of the intellectual property, balancing of interests is an endless and a dynamic, dialectical course. Only by constantly pursuing the goal of balancing of interests can intellectual property system realize the most rational disposition of social resources.