从俄狄浦斯情结到俄瑞斯忒斯情结--西方精神分析的“母亲转向”

俄狄浦斯情结是心理学上一个广为人知的概念。长久以来，它盘踞着精神分析哲学话语的霸权地位，因而掩盖了其不为人知的兄弟概念“俄瑞斯忒斯情结”。“俄瑞斯忒斯情结”取自埃斯库罗斯的悲剧《俄瑞斯忒斯三部曲》，以其中为父报仇、杀死母亲的俄瑞斯忒斯为原型。它一方面是对俄狄浦斯情结的理论反思和超越，另一方面也是俄狄浦斯情结的“对立话语”，象征着20世纪70年代以后，西方精神分析领域从“象征的父亲”到“具体的母亲”的转向。

From Oedipus Complex to Orestes Complex:The “Maternal Turn”of Western Psychoanalysis

Oedipus complex is a well known concept in psychology.For a long time,it occupied the hegemonic place in discourse of psychoanalysis philosophy,thus its brother discourse “Orestes complex”had been muffled for a longtime.“Orestes complex”originated from the tragedy of Aeschylus “Orestes trilogy”.Its protype is the hero,Orestes who killed his mother for revenging his father’s death.“Orestes Complex”is,on the one hand,the reflection and transcendence of Freudian theory of Oedipus Complex,and the “counter discourse”of Oedipus Complex on the other hand,and also symbolized western psychoanalysis field began to shift its focus from the “symbolic father”to the “specific mother”after 1970.