新历史主义文化诗学与翻译文学的文化批评

“翻译文学”与“源文”之间的关系类似于“历史文本”与“历史”之间的关系,而“历史文本”与“历史”的差异性和阐释者的主体性是新历史主义文化诗学理论的基点.吸收新历史主义文化诗学这一独特的理论品质,确立了翻译文学的文化批评的基本策略——立足于译文与源文（或不同译文）的差异以及译者的主体性.从而,翻译文学的文化批评一方面从“差异”入手,基于文本的文化比较来“还原”源文中的历史文化元素,以及基于社会对源本的选择和对译本的接受来考察翻译文学与社会权力机制及意识形态的互动关系;另一方面基于译者对翻译源本和对翻译策略的选择来考察译者的主体性.这样的翻译文学文化批评是从翻译文学史的三个基本要素（译本、译者和翻译事件）展开的,有着鲜明的翻译文学学科意识.

Cultural poetics of New Historism and cultural criticism of translated literature

Based on the great similarity between the relationship of ＂translated literature＂ and ＂original text＂ and that of ＂historical text＂ and ＂historical events＂, the basic strategy for the cultural criticism of translated literature should absorb some unique theoretic quality from the Cultural poetics of New Historism - focusing on the diversities of translated text and original text and the subjectivity of translators. As a result, on the basis of diversities, the cultural criticism of translated literature aims to ＂revert＂ the historical and cultural elements of the original text by comparison, and tries to analyze the reasons for the ＂diversities＂ in view of culture for one thing. Besides, based on the translators＇ choice of original texts and translating strategies the criticism tries to analyze the subjectivity of translators. Such cultural criticism of translated literature is carried out from the three key elements （translated text, translator and translating event） with a strong awareness of translated literature as a subject.