论国家精神损害赔偿量化标准之构建

对于国家精神损害赔偿量化的具体标准,《国家赔偿法》并未作出规定。国家精神损害赔偿数额可通过国家精神损害赔偿三原则、两区分、四酌定因素的量化原则和方法得以确定。三原则为国家精神损害赔偿原则上不低于民事精神损害赔偿原则、数额适当限制原则、法官酌定原则。两区分是区分不同损害的赔偿和区分人身物质性损害赔偿和精神损害赔偿并参照我国人身物质性损害赔偿标准设定具有适度比例和弹性空间的精神赔偿限度。赔偿限度由立法解释规定较为适当。法官在赔偿限度内斟酌四方面的因素确定精神损害赔偿的数额。酌定因素的量化由司法解释规定比较适当。

On Construction for Quantitative Standard of State Mental Damages Compensation

There is no concrete regulations on quantitative standards of State Mental Damages Compensation in State Compensation Law.State Compensation for Mental Damages may be determined by some quantitative standards and methods,such as "three principles","two distinctions",and "deliberation from four factors "."Three principles" are the state compensation is no less than civil compensation for mental damages in principle,appropriate limitation for compensation amount,judges’ deliberation."Two distinctions" are distinction for different damage compensations,and distinction between personal & material damage compensation and mental damage compensation.According to Chinese personal & material damage compensation standards,it sets a mental compensation limitation with proper ratio and flexible space.Judges should think carefully about four factors in the limitation of compensation to determine the amount of mental damage compensation.It is appropriate to regulate quantitative of deliberation factors through Judicial Interpretation.