南京国民政府救济水灾委员会的活动与民间义赈

1931年的水灾是民国时期最为严重的天灾之一。南京国民政府为此特成立了救济水灾委员会(简称“国水委”)。该文主要考察国民政府这一新设的救灾行政机构的特征与民间义赈的关系;从中国荒政史的角度,分析南京政府时期救灾行政体系的特点,进而联系民国史的研究,以更为广阔的视野来观察国家权力(官赈)与社会势力(义赈)的关系。

The Practices of Committee for Flood Relief of Nanjing Kuomingtang Government and the Nongovernmental Relief

The flood in 1931 was one of the most serious natural disasters in the period of the Republic of China (1912-1949), for which Nanjing Kuomingtang Government specially founded Committee for Flood Relief. The article examines the characteristics of the committee and its relationships with the nongovernmental relief. Analyzing the characteristics of administrative system for disaster relief of Nanjing government from the perspective of the history of Chinese famine, the paper, associated with studies on the history of the Republic of China, furthermore explores the relations between state authority (governmental relief) and social influence (nongovernmental relief) from a broader perspective.