集群企业外迁及其效应研究

集群中的企业外迁是与企业向某一区域聚集相逆的企业区位选择现象.相对于非集群企业,集群企业可以享受到集群共享性资源提供的非对称竞争优势.但是,企业集群在其自身演化过程中产生的集群网络失灵、聚集不经济,以及集群企业的战略重定位可能导致集群共享性资源相对吸引力下降.而集群企业外迁则正是基于与此环境基础变迁相匹配的企业战略选择.集群企业外迁可能有利于集群网络的成长,也可能导致集群网络的裂断,引发一定的企业集群风险,关键在于集群内部是否形成了梯队式的企业成长机制.

A Study on the Reason and Effect of Enterprises Moving out of Industrial Clusters

Some of the clustered firms are moving out of industrial clusters.Compared to no-clustered firms,shared resources can offer asymmetrical competitive advantage for clustered firms.But with time gone,shared resources may lose efficacy.In this paper,with a view to the matching process of strategy and environment,we find that there are matters that cause clustered firms to move out,i.e.malfunction of cluster network,diseconomy of agglomeration and reorientation of clustered firms.The cluster network may benefit from the firms' moving out,or be suffered alternatively.This depends on whether there existing an echelon formation of development mechanism of enterprises in the cluster.