清代“花部”时间界定及命名研究

清代戏曲发展史上一个值得特别关注的环节就是乾隆后期出现了经过三个主要回合较量的“花雅之争”。自此，以花部统称的地方戏逐渐实现了对数百年剧坛盟主昆曲的挑战和更替。然而，“花部”这一称谓出现和消失的时间界定都不是足够清晰准确，类型多样的命名方式以及由此体现的戏曲观念也较少得到探讨。对“花部”的时间界定及命名研究有利于深入、准确把握古典戏曲观念史和接受史上的转变。

Time Identification and Definition of ＂Local Operas＂ of the Qing Dynasty

In the history of operas in the Qing Dynasty, there was an important section that could not be ignored, which was the ＂Struggle between the Flower and Elegance＂. Since then, the local operas totally defined as ＂Hua Bu＂ began to challenge and take the place of Kun Opera which had taken the leading position of the Chinese operas for hundreds of years. However, the time of emergence and disappearance of Hua Bu has not been clearly defined, hence various kinds of nomination. This paper thinks that the time identification and nomination of Hua Bu will be contributable to the study of the history of the ancient operas.