美国高校学生资助政策变革及其效应

基于威廉·邓恩公共政策评估标准，在北京市10所不同类型高校部分本科毕业生中进行了问卷调查，提出了高校家庭经济困难学生资助政策评估标准体系框架，对资助政策实施效果评估因素关系假设模型进行了验证和改进。研究结果显示，要提升资助政策实施效果，仅仅扩大资助覆盖面、加大资助力度是远远不够的，不仅资助政策效益中的直接政策产出对家庭经济困难学生对资助政策的回应性有直接正向影响，而且直接政策影响（对家庭经济困难学生身心发展的影响）也是决定资助政策回应性的关键。
政策的充分性和公平性也能够通过调节资助政策效益对回应性的影响，提升满意度。

Optimization Research on Financial Aid System for University Students with Financial Difficulties Based on the Theory of Public Policy Evaluation

Based on William N. Dunne's public policy evaluation standard, this paper proposes the framework of the financial aid policy evaluation standards system for college students with financial difficulties, conducts a questionnaire survey on undergraduates in 10 different types of colleges and universities in Beijing, and improves as well as validates the hypothesis model of financial aid policy evaluation factors relationship. The results show that it is far from enough to promote the policy effects only by enlarging coverage and increasing funding.
Not only the direct policy output of the financial aid policy benefits relate positively to the responsiveness of students with financial difficulties to the policy, but the impact of direct policy (on the physical and mental development of students with financial difficulties) is also the key to determining the responsiveness of the financial aid policy. The adequacy and fairness of the policy can also improve satisfaction by adjusting the impact of the policy benefits on responsiveness.