论义务的来源

义务是个体做或不做某种行为的应当性,通常所说的义务主要指道德义务。义务来源于个体的良知,它经由人类情感和理性的交互作用而产生。当个体良知通过"三人社会模式"转化为社会大众良知后,义务就成为社会大众良知的内在要求,社会大众良知能够以社会评价或社会舆论的方式迫使个体履行义务。因此,个体良知可以产生义务、社会大众良知也能让个体负有义务,但从根本上说,义务源于个体的良知。

The Origin of Obligation

Obligation means that one ought to or ought not to do some behavior.Generally,obligation mainly refers to moral obligation.Obligation comes from individual conscience,and it actually arises from the interaction between human emotion and reason.When individual conscience translates into public conscience in "Three-people society" mode,obligation becomes the inherent requirement of public conscience,and public conscience can force an individual to fulfill his obligations in the form of social assessment or social consensus.Therefore,individual conscience can produce obligation,and so can public conscience.However,obligation,basically,derives from individual conscience.