改革开放30年:日趋成熟的中国社会学——有关中国社会学发展全局的几个重大问题

本文从有关中国社会学发展全局的五个问题——科学性与价值性、经验性与理论性、建设性与批判性、传统性与现代性、本土性与国际性为切入点,分析了当代中国社会学30年来,在这些问题上从不成熟到较为成熟的曲折历程。这些问题能否正确处理和把握,关系到社会学学科和社会学知识的性质、作用、对待社会的态度,关系到当代中国社会学能否健康发展,能否培养出合格的社会学人才,能否实现某种原创的知识创新,能否在国际社会学界占有应有的一席之地,能否在学科和学术的话语权方面做出当代中国社会学家自己的贡献。要正确把握这些成对的关系,就要真正认识它们既有"非此即彼"的一面,又有"亦此亦彼"的一面的辩证性,避免片面强调一个方面的极端性;就要总结和汲取各国和我国在这方面的经验教训,避免重蹈覆辙。这就进一步要求我们深入掌握马克思恩格斯在改造黑格尔思想时所阐发的"一个伟大的基本思想",即"认为世界不是既成事物的集合体,而是过程的集合体",并以之为指导,以我为主地推进当代中国社会学不断从不成熟走向成熟,从成熟走向更加成熟,力求避免各种幼稚病。

The 30 Years since Reform and Opening Up: the Increasingly Mature Chinese Sociology——Several Major Issues concerning the Development of Chinese Sociology

From the angle of fives issues concerning the development of Chinese sociology-scientific nature and valuable nature ,experiential nature and theoretical nature,positive nature and critical nature,traditional nature and modern nature,local nature and global nature,the essay explores the complicated course in the last 30 years of contemporary Chinese sociology from immaturity to comparative maturity in these five issues. The proper disposal of these issues is related to the nature and the role of sociology as well as the attitude towards society,to the healthy development of Chinese sociology,to the cultivation of qualified sociological talents,to the creation of certain original knowledge,to the deserved position in international sociological world,and to the contributions of Chinese sociologists as well. In order to correctly understand these relations,we should realize the dialectics among them,avoiding going to extremes,and draw lessons from China and other countries,avoiding following the same old disastrous road. That further requires us to have a deep understanding of "a great basic idea" of Marx and Engels's,under the guidance of which we tries to promote the maturation of contemporary Chinese sociology.