犯罪记录报告制度的批判性解读及其完善——以有利于犯罪人回归社会为视角

前科制度作为对前罪刑罚效果的配套评估体系,其本质在于制裁和防止再次犯罪,保护社会利益。我国刑法在没有公开设置前科及其消灭制度的情况下,先行设置了犯罪记录报告制度,其目的在于,通过限制或者剥夺有前科者的特定行业的资格或权利,保护社会公共利益,实现特殊预防。但该制度仍存在诸多不完善的地方,有待改进,因此,基于保护犯罪人权益、促进犯罪人顺利、早日的回归社会的视角,在保留犯罪记录报告制度的情况下,应当对之进行重大完善,而更为可行的方式,是构建中国的犯罪记录查询制度。

Critical Interpretation and Perfection of the Reporting System of Previous Crime

As the necessary judgement system of previous punishment, the nature of the system of previous crime is to punish and prevent another crime and protect social interests. The reason why Criminal Law stipulates the system of previous crime in the background of no public estbalishment of previous crime and its cancelation system is to protect public interests and enforce special prevention by the means of restricting or depriving of previous criminals＇ qualification or right to work in particular trades. However, this system is open to be perfected in some aspects. Therefore, it should be perfected from the perspective of protecting the criminals＇ right and making them return to the society smoothly and prematurely while maintaining the reporting system of previous crime. And the more feasible means is to construct China＇ s query system of criminal record.