返乡劳动力的再迁移意愿和再迁移方向选择

部分流动人口回流迁移后仍会再次外出和继续迁移。研究发现,约三分之一的返乡劳动力具有再迁移意愿,县城及中心镇是他们再迁移的主要方向,呈现出就近城镇化的特点。就业机会与预期收入的驱动、家庭整体利益的权衡、社会网络的助推既决定他们的再迁移意愿,也决定再迁移方向的选择。(1)返乡劳动力的收入水平、就业稳定性和劳动技能培训经历显著影响其再迁移意愿,劳动技能培训提高了返乡劳动力选择县内再迁移的可能性。(2)家庭照护(居住)安排、土地耕种安排与子女教育安排也会影响其再迁移意愿,土地流转会增强返乡劳动力向省外的再迁移意愿,子女教育期望与入学机会是返乡劳动力向省内县外再迁移的重要因素。(3)返乡劳动力再迁移主要受其亲属网络的影响,而非地缘网络的影响。充分发挥返乡劳动力作用,有序引导其再次流动,对乡村振兴和中西部地区城镇化发展具有重要意义。

Re-migration Decision-making of the Returned migrants and Their Migratory Direction Intentions

The authors analyze factors with return-migrants’re-migration decision-making and their migratory direc?tions,based on hypotheses from Neoclassical Economics Theory,the New Economics of Labor Migration and Migration Social Network Analysis.The decision-making of people’re-migration and migratory direction selection are combined effects of economic income and employment anticipation,overall arrangement based on family considerations,and sup?ports of various social networks.The re-migration intentions decrease with local income,employment stability,agricul?tural job training and the care needs of family members.Non-agricultural job training,farmland transaction,expecta?tion of children’s education and supports of kinship network have positive effects on re-migration’s intentions.Job training increases the likelihood of re-migrating within the same county.Farmland transaction raise the possibility of in?ter-provincial re-migration.The trade-off between educational expectations and admission opportunities is a key con?sideration factor for cross-county re-migration within the same province.The paper will be helpful deepen the knowl?edge of migration and development in China,and give good implications on well utilizing returned migrants for rural de?velopment,and the paper also suggests the re-migration process gives significant contribution on town and small-cit?ies-based urbanization in central and western areas in China.