中国农村老年人养老规划的现状及影响因素研究

制定养老规划是农村老年人积极应对养老风险的重要举措。利用中国老年社会追踪调查2018年数据,文章分析了农村老年人的养老规划现状及其影响因素,发现约34.6%的农村老年人实际有养老规划,约13.8%的老年人误判了自身的养老规划状况;现金储蓄是农村老年人的主要规划方式。相比农村居住的非留守老年人,农村留守老年人和进城农村老年人有养老规划的比例更高。农村老年人的经济收入对其是否做养老规划既存在显性影响,也具有通过养老观念的中介作用而表现出的显著的隐含影响。在养老责任观念的中介作用下,认同由政府和社会承担养老责任的养老观念会促使有劳动收入、子女给予经济支持和有新型农村养老保险的老年人做养老规划的可能性下降。

A Study on the Status and Determinants of the Financial Planning of the Chinese Rural Elderly for Later Life

Making financial plan is an important way for rural elderly to actively reduce the risks of pension in the pro?cess of rapid aging in China.Using the data of 2018 China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey(CLASS),the paper ana?lyzes the current status of financial planning of the rural elderly.The influence mechanism of income on pension plan?ning through the intermediary effect of pension concept is also analyzed.It is found that about 34.6%of rural elderly ac?tually have financial plan,and about 13.8%of the elderly misjudged their own elderly financial plans.Cash savings is the main economic planning method for the rural elderly.The ratios that left-behind rural elderly and rural elderly liv?ing in urban areas have financial plan are higher than that of the non-left-behind elderly living in rural areas.The eco?nomic income of the rural elderly has a significant impact on whether the rural elderly have financial plan.The effect of the economic income on the financial plan of the elderly is moderated by the pension concept.Under the intermediary effect of the pension concept that the government and society share the responsibility for the elderly,the elderly with la?bor income and more economic support from the children are more likely to make financial plan.And the elderly having new rural old-age insurance are more likely not to make financial plan.