应对突发性灾难的农村社会保障制度研究

"非典"发生后,我国广大农村地区经历了严峻考验。虽然这一次疫情并未在农村地区广泛传播,但已经暴露出了农村在应对突发性灾难事件方面存在的严重问题。面对"非典"发生后的严峻挑战,我国农村社会保障制度需要进行根本性的改进革新,在发生突发性灾难的情况下首先需要考虑解决农民的人身救治问题,把农民的灾难救助纳入社会保障的轨道上,依法予以解决。结合国际社会灾难救助的一般规律,今后我国农村地区社会保障改革的主要趋向是:在国家和地方财政支持下改善农村医疗状况,加强农村医疗队伍建设;加强国家对农村养老事业的资金投入,并使之制度化、规范化;建立乡村突发性灾难的社会救助制度;加强立法,对乡村危机时刻的社会治安和秩序进行有效管治;建立基层社会组织物资储备系统以应对危难时刻的群众需要;广泛开展宣传教育工作,提高群众灾难自救能力。

The Social Security System for Rural Areas of China to Prevent Emergent Disasters

Guided by Sperber and Wilson''s relevance theory, this paper explores the functions of pragmatic inference at the two stages of utterance interpretation. In interpreting the explicatures of the utterance, the listener employs his mechanism of pragmatic inference to disambiguate, to narrow and loosen the conceptual encodings. Based on the explicaturs, he further infers the implicit premises and conclusions and finally arrives at the accomplishment of communication.