西藏传说时代的“绝地天通”事件与苯教的制度化

本文主要探讨了西藏古代的一个类似中原地区的"绝地天通"传说, 通过比较, 认为这个传说中的事件象征着在吐蕃"王政时代"——"十二小邦"阶段, 苯教开始从原始宗教走向制度化宗教。与中原神话中重黎接管了司守天地的职能以后能够沟通天地的只有巫师一样, 吐蕃在止贡赞普割断了他通天的光绳后, 以王家葬仪为代表的仪式便逐渐成为制度化、规则化的权威法度, 并渲染着那远离了普通民众的神性, 通神和代神传谕的能力成为一种"专利", 成为一套由神巫和部落联盟首领掌握的宗教仪式体系和知识类型。

The Event of Discontinuity Routeway Between Heaven and Earth in Tibetan Legendary Times and Systematization of Bonism

This paper discussed an archaic Tibetan-tale which was similar to a legend about discontinuity routeway between heaven and earth in Han Chinese place. Compared with other tales,we consider the tibetan tale is a symbol of the age of twelve chiefdoms or the "Rex times"of Tibet. In the age,Tibetan indigenous religion,the Bon,began from primordial religion to institutional religion. After Zhong Li taking over the function of managed heaven and earth,none but necromancers in Han place counld connected with the deities world and human world. Likewise,since the king of Tibetan,Gri-gum-btsan-po had cut his light-rope in Tibet,the representation of Bon rituals,the regius funeral,gradually it became some institutional and inerratic authoritative standard.,and all the time it romanced the divinity of the common people in romote areas. The ability to connect the heavens by necromancers who sent information of deity became a patent,a system of religious ritual and knowledge style to be predominated by dint of the chief of tribes and necromancers .