特殊的“他者”:中国文学母亲形象的文化意蕴

中国神话中具有“母性崇拜”倾向,在社会转型至父系社会时,“母性崇拜”倾向在儒家的伦理道德的孝道系统中发扬光大.孝道赋予了母亲在男性子嗣面前拥有权威的合理性.中国女性正是在“母亲”的角色中冲破了重重伦理压迫,在家庭伦理及由此波及到的社会政治“中心”区域为自己保留了一个“隐性权威”的身份.但实质上在父权制社会中,女人即使是母亲也脱不去“他者”的印记,母亲的权力不是女人张扬性别主体性的权力,而是父权权威话语的代言.中国文学母亲形象是中国文化特质的文学表征.

Special"Otherness": the Cultural Implication of Mother Image in Chinese literature

In Chinese mythology there is the tendency of "maternity worship".At the time of social transition to patriarchy,"maternity worship"carried forward into the system of ethics in the Confucian filial piety.Filial piety has given mother the authority of legitimacy in front of male offspring.In the role of "mother",Chinese women break various levels of moral oppression,and retain for themselves an"invisible authority"status in the family and even the social and political"centre".But in effect,in patriarchal society,women,even mothers,are unable to get rid of the mark of"otherness",for mother’s power is not the gender power of subjectivity,but the endorsements of patriarchal authoritative discourse.Mother image in Chinese literature is the literary characterization of Chinese cultural characteristics.