论司马迁的文学思想

司马迁注重立言不朽,主张成一家之言,继承《春秋》笔法,写作《史记》,褒贬人事,表达情感。他联系自己的实际和有关的史实,论述文学史上带规律性的问题,提出发愤著书说。他概括先秦以来儒家的诗乐理论,重视文学的教育作用与感染力量,强调文艺为社会政治服务。他首先为文学家立传,以知人论世的方法、思想艺术兼顾的标准和公允的态度评价作家与作品。

On Sima Qian＇s Literary Thoughts

Sima Qian stuck to the principle of writing immortal words,and had the opinion of creating a school of his own.Inheriting the style of writing as in "The Spring and Autumn Annals" he wrote "The Records of the Grand Historians",in which he narrates relevant historic events,evaluates the personages and expresses his feelings with his own experiences.He also discusses disciplinary issues in the history of literature and proposes the doctrine of making determined efforts for valuable books.He summarized Confucian theories in poem making since Pre-Qin Period,paying attention to the educational function and the power of influence in literature,he stressed that literature should be in the service of society and politics.He wrote biographies for literary writers above all,with the method of commenting the man and the world,with the criteria of giving consideration to ideas and artistry,and with the attitude of just and sound in evaluation of writers and their works.