记忆·旅行·追寻——论莫里森《宠儿》中的历史、文化和自我意识

文章从非裔美国人的历史记忆、文化旅行和自我追寻三方面解析莫里森如何以艺术手段通过其长篇代表作《宠儿》（1987）唤起黑人的民族意识，在新的社会历史文化中实现自我身份与价值。文章指出小说还原了最真实的历史记忆、反思奴隶制和种族歧视对非裔美国人之生存所造成的恶劣影响；小说挖掘了非洲民族文化传统，以文化旅行的方式找寻黑人民族的文化之根；莫里森呼吁黑人群体走出自我主体的迷雾，重构黑人民族真正的自我身份。在此基础上得出结论，《宠儿》意在强调塑造黑人民族历史文化身份、推进非裔美国文化发展的重要性，是奠里森非同寻常的文学努力。

Memory,Travel, Quest --History,Culture and Self Consciousness in Toni Morrisoffs Beloved

From the perspectives of historical memory, cultural travel and the quest for the self, this paper analyzes how Toni Morrison in her masterpiece Beloved（1987） artistically arouses the national consciousness of African-American people, helping them actualize self-identity and value in the new historical and cultural social context. First, the novel restores the authenticity of historical memory, reflecting the consequences of slavery and racial discrimination upon the existence of African-Ameri- cans. Second, the novel excavates the cultural tradition of African nation, seeking the root of its cul- ture in the form of cultural travel. Third, Morrison appeals to the African-American people to walk out of the bewilderment of subjectivity, thus reconstructing the true self-identity of black nation. This paper concludes that the emphasis of Beloved is to mould the historic-cultural identity of African-A- merican nation and promote the development of African-American culture. This is what Toni Morri-son endeavors as an African-American writer.