明代后期粮食生产能力的提高

农业是国民经济的基础,粮食生产则是基础的基础。明后期,劳动力的增殖,田地的垦辟,农业集约化的增强,农业基本生产要素投入的加大,粮食新品种的引进,粮食作物结构和耕作制度的变革,使粮食总产量和单位面积产量空前提高。粮食生产能力的提高为商品性农业、手工业、商业的发展和工商业市镇的兴起提供了前提,并由此引起经济结构和生产方式的历史性变化。

The Progress of Food Production in the Late Ming Dynasty

Agriculture is the basis of national economy and food production is the core of the basis.In the late Ming Dynasty,the increment of labor reproduction,the reclamation of fields,the intensification of agriculture,the souring of production-element investment,the import of new varieties,the improvement of cereals structure and the reform of farming system,all these made agricultural yield increase unprecedentedly both in totality and per unit area.The increment of grain productivity provided the precondition for the development of merchandized agriculture,handicraft industry and commerce,and for the rise of industrial and commercial cities and towns,and hereby brought historically about the change of economy structure and production mode.