外空活动长期可持续性面临的挑战及对策

外空活动长期可持续性是可持续发展概念在外空领域的延伸，所以它与可持续发展概念既有联系也有区别。对比可持续发展原则，外空活动长期可持续性原则应是外空法的一项重要原则，其内涵包括代际公平、代内公平、长期可持续利用和外空环境与外空活动一体化等四个方面。在现有外层环境日益恶化的情形下，强调并践行外空活动长期可持续性原则具有重要的现实意义。目前外空活动长期可持续性所面临的问题包括空间碎片问题、地球静止轨道问题和空间环境污染问题。国际社会正在制定《外空活动长期可持续性准则》，这对解决上述问题发挥很大的作用，但更为重要的是把这一原则规定到《外用条约》中来，或有意推动使其成为一项公认的国际习惯法规则，使其发挥法律规范的作用。

Challenges Related to Long-term Sustainability of Outer Space Activities and Its Solutions

Sincelong-term sustainability of outer space activities is an extension concept of sustainable development in the field of outer space law , there are not only some connections but also a few differences between them .According to the juridical status of the principle of sustainable development , the principle of long-term sustainability of outer space activities should be an important principle in the law of outer space , and contains the following aspects:inter-generation fair;within-generation fair;long-term sustainable use , integration between environment and activities in the outer space .In the case of the existing outer environment worsening , emphasizing and practicing principle of long-term sustainability of outer space activities has important practical significance .Now the challenges related to the long-term sustainability of outer space activities include the issues of space debris ; the increasing decrease in geostationary orbit resources; space pollution .The international community is working on the guidelines of the long-term sustainability of outer space activity guidelines which plays a key role in solving the above problems . Moreimportantly , the principle of long-term sustainability of outer space activities should be put into the outer space treaty or developed to be a generally accepted rule of customary international law so that it can play the role of legal norms.