尼采的超人哲学思想对20世纪中国的影响

人文主义哲学家尼采鼓吹“超人”哲学、“强力意志”,打碎旧传统,“重估一切价值”,其矛盾的思想对中国20世纪产生了巨大的影响,其影响可以分为三个阶段。一是20世纪初期,鼓励了中国青年“救亡图存”、“立国”、“立民”;二是40年代“战国策”派歪曲利用尼采思想,宣扬法西斯主义,鼓吹战争,反人民反和平;三是80年代初期帮助中国青年奋发图强、发扬独创精神,投入到改革洪流之中。正确辩证地解读尼采的“超人”哲学思想,有助于我们构建今天的和谐社会。

The Influence by Nietzsche's Philosophic Thinking of the Superman to China in the 20th Century

The humanist philosopher Nietzsche advocates the philosophy of "superman",the "will of power",the breaking of old traditions and "estimating all values".His controversial thoughts had great influence on China in 20th century.These influences can be divided into three phases: 1 encouraging Chinese youths to "save the nation from extinction," to "establish a new state" and to "establish the concept for the people" at the beginning of the 20th century;2 being used by "war advocating groups" to propagate wars against people and peace in the 1940s;and 3 helping Chinese youths to devote themselves to reform surge carrying forward the spirit of originality and fighting for a better nation in the 1980s.Correctly and dialectally unscramble the philosophy of "superman" by Nietzsche is helpful to China's construction of a harmonious society.