制造荣耀——乾隆帝与《萨尔浒山之战书事》的历史书写

作为后金（清）崛起的重要战役，萨尔浒之战被清朝历代皇帝所追述，而对于其战争场景的文学表述却各有侧重。《萨尔浒山之战书事》（下简称《书事》）是一篇乾隆帝为记述大清开国皇帝努尔哈赤萨尔浒一战以少胜多的追忆文章。文章以乾隆帝《书事》为中心，通过比较萨尔浒之战亲生经历者的追忆（《清太祖武皇帝实录》）和清帝国第一位真正意义上的“大一统”皇帝康熙的追述（《清太祖高皇帝实录》），从文体选择、文章结构和文本内容三个方面，可以窥探乾隆帝在《书事》中看似平常的战争描写背后关于维护正统地位、理顺君臣关系、警示子孙及八旗将士的政治诉求。

Create Glory: the Qianlong Emperor and the Historical Narratives about the Battle of Sarhu

The?Battle of Sarhu, a series of battles between the Later Jin dynasty (later known as the Qing dynasty) and the?Ming dynasty in 1619, was described as a rising symbol for Late Jin dynasty by the historical narratives of Qing dynasty. But in different Qing dynasty emperors’ historical narratives about the Battle of Sarhu, they had different emphases in their narratives. By comparing the historical narratives Qing Tai Zu Huang Di Shi Lu and KangXi Emperor’s historical narrative Qing Tai Zu Gao Huang Di Shi Lu, the paper explores Qianlong Emperor’s political appeal for protecting legitimacy, ordering the monarch-subject relationship and cautioning to the Eight Banners through the text selection, text structure, and the text content of Sarhu Zhi Zhan Shu Shi.