新都市文学创作特征综论

20世纪 80— 90年代出现的“新都市文学” ,其创作人数、作品的数量均达到了相当的规模 ,但却始终没有出现精品大作 ,也没有成为世纪之交的文学的主导。经过归纳、概括和总结发现“新都市文学”有如下的优点和不足 :一、个人化写作与平面化叙事 ,但过于生活化、经验化 ,缺乏文学的历史感和思想的复杂性 ;二、欲望与异化这两大主题 ,虽然造就了新都市文化 ,但缺乏开阔的发展视野与胸怀 ,成为新都市文学的局限 ;三、人物形象的系列化、类型化 ,虽然刻画了都市新人类形象 ,但也正是缺乏深刻性的表现 ;四、创作方法上虽然对后现代主义采用了容纳和吸收的态度 ,但后现代主义的“不确定性” ,导致了事实与虚构、现实与幻想的混淆不清 ;五、新都市文学这一特殊历史背景和文化的内涵中的产物 ,也只能是这场城市化运动中的神话讲述 ,似乎多了时代性 ,而少了历史性和文化性。

A Survey of the Creative Characteristics in the New Urban Literature

Athough the number of writers and works of "the new urban literature" emerged in 80s and 90s of the 20th century reached a considerable amount,masterpieces were never seen,and this kind of literature does not become a main literary trend in turn of the centuries,either. After my careful study and investigation deep into "the new urban literature", I have found that it has the following strong points and shortcomings:1.Although individualized writing and planized account cannot be separated from the special cultural language environment in which the writers live,the works are too lifized and experiencized,lacking in historical sense and ideological complexity. 2. Although the two major themes--desire and alienation--bring up the new urban culture,the works are short of a wide developing field of vision and mind,which becomes the limit of the new urban literature. 3. Although the seriation and typization of the figures characterize the new characters in cities,the works are wanting in deep expression of the characters. 4. Although the creative methods of the new urban literature take a tolerable and absorbable attitude toward the post-modernism,"the indefiniteness" of the post-modernism leads to confusion between facts and fiction,between reality and fantasy. 5. The new urban literature,the outcome in the special historical background and cultural connotation,is only the telling of fairy tales in the urbanized movement,which seems to have more times nature but less historicity and culturalness.