月清时期自由主义经济思潮探析

道家自然自由经济思想和司马迁“善因论”对后世影响深远。明清时期处于中国封建社会“天崩地解”社会巨变的转型时期，由于商品经济的进一步发展，出现政治民主化、经济自由化和文化多元化趋向。在经济自由化方面，明清思想家所追求自由、公平的经济环境，是商品经济发展的根本要求，也是近代化的灵魂。这种自由放任经济思潮主要包括自然人性论、自由自为论、自便自利论，它们都是以自由主义为旗帜，并赋予新的时代内容，它充分反映了当时发展商品经济的客观要求，也促进了局部的社会近代化变迁，对当今社会主义市场经济建设有着重要的启示。

An Analysis of the Liberal Economic Ideology during the Ming and the Qing Dynasties

The Taoist natural and liberal economic ideology and Sima Qian＇ s ＂virtue theory＂ have far - reaching impact on the posterity. During the Ming and the Qing Dynasties, the feudal society faced a ＂ violent and unstable＂ social change, which was actually a transition period in China. Due to the further development of commodity economy, the ideological trend of political democratization, economic liberalization and cultural diver- sification appeared. On the economic liberalization, the ideologists of the Ming and the Qing Dynasties pursued a free and equitable economic situation, which was basic for the development of commodity economy and the soul of modernization. This laissez - faire economic ideology was mainly composed of the theory of human nature, freedom, and convenience for the self - interest theory. They were all based on liberalism and were entrusted with new content for that time. It fully reflected the objective requirement for the development of the commodity economy at that time. Meanwhile, it partially contributed to a transition of social modernization. This ideology al- so plays an important part in omy. fulfilling realistic enlightenment for the development of current socialist market econ-