对现行审判委员会制度的检视——从司法独立的角度澄清审委会改革中的两个重要问题

在我国的司法理论和实践中,对居于法院核心地位的审委会制度一直存在两个认识误区,它们都关系到我国司法独立性问题,必须予以澄清。其实,我国审委会制度的存在并没有影响到法官独立审判人格和法官对案件的决定权,审委会制度特别是审委会对案件的最终决定权与司法独立不存在必然冲突;而审委会错案责任追究制度则严重影响了法官的独立和司法公正,其不应当在审委会制度中确立,其中可引入法官不当行为惩戒制度和法官全面评议制度,以保证司法公正。

The Survey of Institution of Adjudication Committee in Force:Clarifying Two Problems in Adjudication Committeereform from the Angle of Independence of Judicature

In judicatory theory and practice of China,there are two mistakes to Institution of Adjudication Committee all along,which should be clarified because they impact the independence of judicature.In fact,the Institution of Adjudication Committee does not influence the judge independent judgement personality and right of judgement.The Institution of Adjudication Committee,especially the final say of case does not conflict with independence of judicature.However the system that Institution of Adjudication Committee should investigate judge's the responsibility for misjudged case will badly influences the judge's independence and judicial justice.The system should not be adopted in Institution of Adjudication Committee.The judge disciplinary system and general appraise system should be introduced into Institution of Adjudication Committee so as to safeguard the judicial justice.