中国现代性的特征(上)

本文尝试探讨中国现代性的特征,认为中国现代性应当有属于自身的独特标志即特征,这构成中国现代学的焦点性问题之一。陈独秀对“近代文明之特征”的思考及英国社会学家吉登斯有关“现代性”的“动力品质”的分析值得借鉴。中国现代性具有五个显著特征:(1)地球模式的引进表明中国人的宇宙模式发生巨变:从“天地之中”转到地球之一国;(2)民族协同观的生成显示了中华民族与地球上其他民族之间的关系发生改变:从上等民族到世界多民族之一员; (3)制度转型论的实施显示中国从古典文化帝国转变为现代民族国家,并建立起相应的社会制度;(4)道器互动说体现了生活价值层级的改变:从以道制器到道与器之间的相互依赖和作用;(5)人权说的形成标志着中国人的个体人生体验发生改变:从帝国臣民到国家公民,以及随之而来的多重选择的困窘。

Characteristics of Chinese Modernity (the first half)

Chinese modernity has five characteristics. First, global mode is changed from country between sky and earth to one of the countries in the globe. Second, the relationship between the Chinese nation and other nations is changed from superior one to one of the nations. Third, the Chinese nation is changed from empire to modern country, having its own social system. Fourth, the relationship between logos and utensils is changed from logos over utensils to their mutual depending on and function. Fifth, human rights mark from subjects to citizens.