南宋时期书院与理学结合的内在原因探析

南宋书院与理学的结合除外在的社会政治环境影响之外,还与理学自身的价值追求、理论特点及书院的性质、组织方式、特点有关。首先,理学强调个人的生命体认与内在证悟,强调发挥主体能动性、道德自觉性的特点,与书院重视个人自主性的教育方式颇为契合;其次,理学所要传播的主要是一种道德追求、价值取向,需要特别的传播情境。而书院具有良好的自然环境和师生群居共学、相与讲习的组织方式,在传播情境营造方面具有特色与优势。

An Analysis on Internal Causes of the Combination of New-Confucianism with the Academy in the South-son

In the Southern Song Dynasty,the combination of the Neo-Confucianism with the academy is related to the value pursuit and the theory character of the Neo-Confucianism itself,and the nature,organizational way and specific features of the academy apart from the social and political environment.Firstly,the Neo-confucianism emphasizes the personal experience and intrinsic verification and awakening of life,and stresses the bringing into play the specific features of main body activity and moral consciousness.These concepts are quite in agreement with the educational way to attach importance to personal initiative.Secondly,as what the Neo-Confucianism propagated is the moral pursuit and the value idea,it needs a special propagation environment,whereas the good natural environment and the organizational way of the academy in which the teachers and students lived under the same roof and taught and learned mutually have specific features and advantages in the forming of the propagation context.