清代湖南商贸问题浅析

清代湖南商贸有三个基本的表现形式:转口、过境与市肆,由此形成了湘潭、郴州、岳阳、常德等几个商品集散中心。明代以降的经济发展,是形成这种贸易与特征的社会背景。这种商贸一方面满足了清代湖南民间社会日常生活的需要,一定程度活跃了城乡经济,催生了一批市镇,在西南边境经济与内地经济之间起到了桥梁作用。同时商贸的发展又是单一的,带有政府强制性的行为。由于文化背景的差异,使得从事这种活动的人基本上为外省之人,本省之贾亦或难见方志史传。

Commerce of Hunan in the Qing Dynasty

There were three basic commercial forms in Hunan in the Qing Dynasty: entrepot trade,transit trade,and city shop trade. Some commodity distribution centers were built,such as Xiangtan,Chenzhou,Yueyang,Changde.The development of economy from the Ming Dynasty on was the social background of this trade with its own characteristics.On one hand the trade satisfied people s need of daily life,motivated city and country economy to some extent,gave birth to a number of cities and towns,and established an economic t...