互联网金融发展对农村商业银行效率的影响研究

基于273家农村商业银行2013-2020年的数据,采用随机前沿法测度了农村商业银行的成本效率和利润效率,同时使用文本挖掘法构建互联网金融指数。在此基础上,利用动态GMM模型验证互联网金融对农村商业银行成本效率和利润效率的影响,并借助多重中介效应模型研究其作用机制。结论表明:从整体上看,互联网金融降低了农村商业银行成本效率和利润效率;从作用机制上看,在互联网金融对成本效率的整体影响中,有80.51%是通过恶化存款结构的间接渠道实现的;在互联网金融对利润效率的整体影响中,有61.11%是通过缩窄收入来源的间接渠道实现的。

A Study on the Influence of Internet Finance on the Efficiency of Rural Commercial Banks

The efficiency of rural commercial banks has an important impact on the degree of matching financial supply and demand in rural areas and the stability of the rural financial environment,and the impact of the development of Internet finance on the efficiency of rural commercial banks can no longer be ignored. Based on the data of 273 rural commercial banks from 2013 to 2020,the cost efficiency and profit efficiency of rural commercial banks were measured using stochastic frontier analysis (SFA),while the Internet finance index(RIFI) was constructed using text mining method. On this basis,a dynamic GMM model is used to verify the impact of Internet finance development on cost efficiency and profit efficiency of rural commercial banks,and its mechanism of action is investigated with the help of a multiple mediating effects model. The conclusions show that the development of Internet finance reduces the cost efficiency and profit efficiency of rural commercial banks. In terms of the mechanism of action,the impact of Internet finance on cost efficiency and profit efficiency of rural commercial banks has partial intermediation effect with 80.51% of the overall impact of Internet finance on cost efficiency through the indirect channel of deteriorating deposit structure and 61.11% of the overall impact of Internet finance on profit efficiency through the indirect channel of narrowing profit sources.