佛教和儒学思想对高丽女性生活的影响

高丽时期佛教进入全盛时期,上自王室,下至普通百姓都普遍信仰佛教,佛教信仰成为人们生活的一部分。佛教为女性提供了参与经济活动的条件和社会交往的场所与机会。高丽时期盛行佛教式的葬礼和祭礼,没有太强的重男轻女思想,女性在家庭中占有较高的地位。而儒学思想作为高丽统治者的统治思想,重视孝道,在维护母权方面起了积极作用。相对于孝道,儒学思想中的贞节观念到高丽末期随着朱子学的引进,才开始有所强调,因此高丽时期的人们还没有女性必须要守节的观念,女性改嫁普遍,女性生活受到的限制较少。

Influences of Buddhism and Confucianism on Females in Koryo

Buddhism reached its greatest prosperity in Koryo Dynasty of Korea. People treated it as their parts of life no matter they were the royal members or the common ones. Buddhist funerals and scarified rituals were popular, which provided females with places and opportunities to participate various social lives; ideas of filial piety in Confucianism were advocated so that women＇s family status were secured. In fact, there was less constrains about females＇ life because people didn＇t think too much about their virginity and remarriage until the introduction of Zhu Xi＇s doctrines in the late years of Koryo.