冷战后美国预防性防务评析

预防性防务思想是冷战后美国政府奉行的一种新的战略指导思想，它把预防列为军事战略的首务，防范用传统的威慑和实战方式难以对付的潜在威胁。这一变化，标志着美国对军事力量的运用从战时与危机时期扩展到和平时期。预防性防务包括针对各种大规模毁伤武器的裁军、军控、防扩散和反扩散；对国际危机的控制；对武装冲突与战争的预警。其特点是强调对事态发展全过程的控制，把对美国国家安全的潜在不利因素消除在萌芽状态或把危机控制在低水平。预防性防务代表着美国军事战略未来的发展趋向，并在美国对华政策中占有特殊地位。

An Analysis of U. S. Preventive Defense in Post-Cold War Era

As a new strategic guideline adopted by the U. S. government for the post-cold war era, preventive defense takes preventive measures as the most important military strategy against the potential threats which cannot be effectively dealt with by traditional forms of deterrence or combat. This shift shows that the employment of military forces has been extended from wartime and crisis periods to peacetime. Preventive defense includes measures for the reduction, control, prevention of proliferation, and anti-proliferation of large-scale destructive weapons, for the control of regional crises, and for the early warning of armed conflicts and war. It lays emphasis on the control of the entire progress of international security affairs, aims at the elimination of all factors in the bud that have potential threats to the national security of the U. S. and keeps all crises under tight control. Preventive defense represents the future trend of the U. S. military strategy and is playing an important role in American policy toward China.