郭店楚墓竹简甲组《老子》隶读

郭店楚墓竹简为我们提供了迄今为止最古老的《老子》文本,隶准读中是解读这个古老文本的基础工作。如果按照当时而不是现时的汉字写词方式来解读这个文本,那么：“孰能浊以渍将舍清,孰能卮以朽将舍生”,则与《庄子·人间世》的部分思想有明显的渊源关系;“或命之,或呼嘱”当读作“或命治国于头”;“其在民上也,民弗厚也”当读作“其在民上也,民弗诟也”;“善者果而已,不以取强”当读作“善者课而已,不以取强”;“大曰逝,逝曰远”当隶作“大曰滔,滔曰远”;“甚爱必大费”当读作“甚爱必大悖”;“持而盈之,不若其已”,当读作“柴而盈之,不可匿也”,如此等等,这个古老的文本将为我们呈现出某些新的语义内容。

Character Conversion and Semantic Determination of the Group A Bamboo slip Laotzu Unearthed from the Chu Tomb in Guodian

The bamboo slips unearthed form the Chu Tomb in Guodian provide us with the earliest version of Laotzu. To interpret the book, it is necessary to convert the ancient Chinese characters into modern ones according to the evolutionary patterns of Chinese characters first and to determine the meaning of the characters. Thus, when we read the worlds according to the original rather than the modern way of coding the text, we can gain such new understandings as, 1. Laotzu made it specific that the ideal politics administers the country by levying taxation instead of coercing the people with force; 2. Excessive care would certainly invite serious betrayal. This used to be interpreted in other classical works as, "Excessive love would incur to greater cost". These new findings have obviously been missed or neglected in previous studies of Laotzu.