都市生存的文化策略与族群认同——对一个苗族流动群体的个案研究

民族文化资本化就其实质来说是全球化过程中各地域族群谋求发展的一种现代参与和文化策略,其方式主要有在地式、飞地式和流动式3种。对于我国少数民族流动人口来说,一个基本策略是将民族特色作为一种边界符号,通过彰显民族身份来获得民族符号的资本转化。与此相应地,在市场的肯定效应下,得到强化的就不仅是民族的自我认同,而更是对与民族优惠政策相关的“少数民族”整体的认同。

The Cultural Strategy and the Identity of Ethnic Groups in Urban Existence: A Case Study of a Migrating Group of Miao Nationality

The capitalization of ethnic cultures, in essence, is a modern participant and cultural strategy, with which ethnic groups in every locality strive for development in the process of globalization. The chief types of capitalization include the on-the-territory mode, off-the-territory mode and migrating mode. In reference with the migrating population of China's national minorities, a basic strategy is to take the distinctive ethnic feature as a kind of boundary sign and to realize a capital transition of the ethnic signs by way of making their ethnic identity conspicuous. Accordingly, along with the positive market effects, what is strengthened is not only the self identity of an ethnic group, still more, it is even an entire identity of all "ethnic minorities" related with preferential ethnic policies.