抗战时期四联总处与战时盐业运输简

“七七事变”后，沿海各产盐区先后沦于敌手，大批存盐滞留盐场。为避免存盐资敌，满足战时军需民食对食盐的需求，国民政府根据当时“商疲力竭”的盐业运输实际现状，及时调整盐务运输政策，实行官商并运。抗战初期成立的国民政府最高经济与金融机构四联总处，根据战时盐业运输政策调整的实际需要，大力实施战时盐务贷款政策，利用国家各大银行的金融力量大力开展贴现与放款业务，尽力向国家所属盐运机关、盐商提供贷款。从资金方面确保战时盐业运输的顺利进行，为将沿海大批食盐抢运到内地创造了条件。伴随着战时盐业“官运”规模的扩大，四联总处提高对战时盐业运输的认识，将盐务贷款上升到关系抗战胜利的高度，对于国家所属盐务机关及各地盐运商的盐业运输贷款需求，尽量给予协助办理。历史证明，四联总处所实施的战时盐务贷款，在促进战时盐业运输，满足大后方军民食盐需求等方面起了重要作用，有助于战时食盐的抢运与运销。从而支持了抗战的胜利。

The Four-Bank Office and Salt Transportation during the Anti-Japanese War

After the incident on May 7 1937, the salt producing areas of the coastal was occupied by the enemy, large quantities of salt were detained in salt fields. In order to avoid salt supply to the enemy, to meet the needs on the salt of the wartime military, according to the situation of ＂exhausted＂ salt transportation then, the national government timely adjusted the salt transport policy and required the government and businessmen together to transport salt. Founded in the early years of the Anti-Japanese War, as the national government＇s top economic and financial institution, the Four-Bank Office implemented the new loan policy for the salt industry, took the advantage of the national bureau of funds to carry out the discount policy and gave loan to the business forcefully. From the capital, it ensured wartime salt transport smoothly; the salt from the coastal was transported to the mainland due to the good conditions it created. Along with the expansion of official transport of salt in wartime, the Four-Bank Office raised awareness of the salt transportation in wartime. The loan to salt industry was closely related to the victory of the Anti- Japanese War. For the loan to salt transportation of all the organizations and businessmen, the Four-Bank Office gave assistance as far as possible. History suggests the salt loan done by the Four-Bank Office in the wartime had played an important role in the promotion of the salt transportation and meeting the salt demand in the rear areas, and helped wartime salt transport and marketing, thus supported the victory of the Anti- Japanese War.