中外古代军语的比较研究——兼论对"汉字文化圈"的新认识

在"汉字文化圈"内,诸多国家和地区中的各种语言文字无不大量借用了古代中国的语言文字,如在日本文、朝鲜文、越南文以及纳西文、西夏文、壮僮文等周边国家和中国少数民族中典型的古今军语中,就往往保留着这些具有极高学术研究价值的现已或隐或亡的古汉语语法现象.它们同属"汉字文化圈",其文字的形、音、义互有借输,又各有变异.对"汉字文化圈"地区内的古代军语做比较研究,能够较直接、准确地反映出各个时代诸多领域的真实面貌,并对"汉字文化圈"的框架体系有一个综合的新认识.

A Comparative Study of Ancient Chinese and Foreign Military Terms--New Understanding of "the Cultural Sphere of Chinese Characters"

With its great academic value, ancient Chinese military terminology, the domain of research in the history of the Chinese language, is a virgin land that is in urgent need of cultivation. This paper establishes a new system of the comparative study of " the cultural sphere of Chinese characters", through a diachronic and synchronic comparative study of the typical military language of China and the languages of her neighboring countries and her ethnic minorities, including Japan, Korea, Vietnam, and Naxis, Western Xia, the Zhuangs and the Tongs.