简析《名理探》与《穷理学》中的逻辑学术语——兼及词源学与词类研究

明清之际西学传入的高潮以传教士和中国士人合作译著为代表,其中《名理探》与《穷理学》是对中世纪经院派亚里士多德逻辑学思想的首次较为全面的译介,其翻译底本是当时科英布拉大学的讲义《亚里士多德辩证法大全疏解》。从考察汉译文本中的逻辑学词汇入手,把重点放在文化交流时汉译词的产生、与拉丁语原词的呼应关系方面,从而还原术语翻译中的意义来源及适应过程。

An Analysis of Logic Terminology in Mingli Tan and Qiongli Xue——A Empirical Study of Etymology and Parts of Speech

During the transitional period of Ming and Qing Dynasties,the spread of western learning found its climax in the co-translation works of missionaries and Chinese scholars.Mingli Tan and Qiongli Xue are the first complete translation works from medieval canonist Aristotle,the source language copy is the handouts of Coimbra university,—— the Commentarii Collegii Conimbricensis Societatis Iesv,in Universam Dialecticam Aristotelis Stagiritae.This paper starts with its logic terminology in the Chinese translation works,and focuses on the formation of Chinese words and counterparts of their Latin words,and attempts to restore their original meanings and adaptation.