晚明人物小传的书写与现代传记的萌芽

晚明人物小传在表现内容以及传主选择两个方面已表现出现代传记的萌芽迹象。本文分别从注重个体主体性、个体性情书写以及个体不完满性表达三方面探讨晚明人物小传表现内容的现代传记萌芽特征;又从其选择无用人、弱势个体、被侮辱个体作为传主来探求其传主选择方面的现代传记写作意识。藉此,本文认为尽管晚明人物小传的现代传记特征只能算是萌芽,但它作为充分内因,与西方传记大量输入这一外因条件共同促使了中国现代传记的出现。

Biographical Works in Late Ming Dynasty and the Rise of Modern Biography

Biographical works in the late Ming dynasty （1368 -1644） were heralding the rise of modem biography in terms of the content and the selection of biographees. This paper, from the perspectives of the emphasis on individual subjectivity, the depiction of personal disposition and the expression of incomplete people, explores the features of these works in content that mark their evolution to modem biography; it also probes into their conscious choice of small potatoes, inferior individuals and humiliated persons as biographees, which again characterizes modem biography. While these works were simply reflecting the budding of modem biography, they have contributed, together with the introduction of abundant Western works, to the debut of modem Chinese biography.