探究美国最高法院司法审查的理论和实践——略评《最有权势的法院:美国最高法院研究》

美国最高法院有权审查联邦政府和州政府的立法和行政行为,并有权宣告其行为因为违宪而无效,这项被称为"司法审查"的显赫权力,是最高法院皇冠上最耀眼的明珠。从实践和理论两个角度入手,一方面,沿着制度演进的路径纵向剖析司法审查权的来龙去脉;另一方面,沿着学术论争的线索横向概览诸多研究司法审查理论的短长,《最有权势的法院:美国最高法院研究》一书系统研究论证了司法审查权正当性牢不可破。

On Theory and Practize of Judicial Review of U.S.Supreme Court——Comment on The Most Powerful Court:the Study of U.S.Supreme Court

The Judicial Review is the authority which invests U.S.Supreme court to review the legislations and administrative actions coming from federal or state governments and declare the controversial legislations null and void only because they are unconstitutional.The judicial review is the brightest pearl on the crown of the U.S.Supreme Court.On the one hand,along the longitudinal path of the system evolution,the author analyzes the process of judicial review;on the other hand,along the horizontal path to compare the merit and demerit of serval theories of judicial review.The Most Powerful Court:the Study of U.S.Supreme Court demonstrates that the judicial review’s legitimacy is unbreakable by systematical research.