论明中叶重钱轻银思想

明朝中叶,白银在流通领域已取得支配地位,以银为主、以铜为辅的货币体系开始形成。对于这一符合历史客观规律的事实,明中叶的一批官僚、士大夫却视而不见,提出了一系列重钱轻银的看法和主张。究其由,这些思想首先是当时自然经济占主导地位的必然反映,其次是为适应维护封建统治的需要而产生的。尽管这些思想中有考虑民生疾苦、揭露用银中的弊害等合理因素,但只是对表面现象的本能关注。特别是他们主张用行政命令来改变客观规律以达到其倡行铜钱的目的,不仅无法实现,反而反映了这一时期我国经济思想发展的停滞与落后。

On thoughts of regarding coper cash and despising silver in the middle period of Ming Dynasty

In the middle period of Ming Dynasty,silver has already obtained the controlling position in circulating realm,and the currency system which regards silver as principling and copper as assisting starts forming.However,some bureaucrats and school-bureaucrats in this period can't see this disciplinary fact and put forword a series of opinions on regarding copper cash and despising silver.Investigating it'sreasons,at first,these thoughts are the necessity reflection that nature economy occupys predominate position in the social economy.Secondly,they produce because of the demanding to support the feudalism.Although these thoughts include some rational facts such as thingking of people's sufferings and revealing cankers during the use of silver,what they notice instinctly are only superficial phenomena.Especially,they claim to change objective regulation with executive order to realize their purpose for advocating copper cash.It can't be realized,on the contrary,it reflects the stagnation and draggling situation in the field of economy thought in this period of our country.