环境污染责任的构成要件研究——基于《侵权责任法》第八章的分析

环境污染责任属无过错责任，原则上以环境污染行为、损害事实、行为与损害之间的因果关系这三项为构成要件。环境污染责任作为一种危险责任，不要求污染行为具有违法性。环境污染责任的保护范围主要限于物质性人格权和物权．不包括环境权。环境污染的损害类型包括人身损害、财产损害、精神损害。在因果关系方面，我国相关法律确立的举证责任倒置模式与比较法上一些采用因果关系推定的新理论存在差异。

On the Constitutive Requirements of Environmental Pollution Liability Based on Analysis of Chapter 8 of the Tort Liability Law

The environmental pollution hability belongs to the liability without fault. In principle, there are three constitutive requirements for the environmental pollution liability, including environmental pollution behavior, facts of damage, and the causality between behavior and damage. As a kind of danger liability, the environmental pollution liability does not require the illegality of the pollution behavior. The protection scopes of environmental pollution liability are mainly limited to physical right of personality and real right, and do not include the environmental right. The damages of environmental pollution include personal injury, property damage and mental injury. As to the causality, the inversion of burden of proof defined in China＇s relevant laws is different from the new theory of causality presumption in the comparative law.