“二度抽离”与南宋浙东学派崛起的问题意识——以乾淳之际吕祖谦的思想动向为个案

余英时在《朱熹的历史世界》一书中以"二度抽离"批评现有的宋明理学研究,在历史学界和中哲史学界引起了轩然大波。本文试图从南宋浙东学派的早期领袖吕祖谦在乾道九年至淳熙元年间,就薛季宣《墓志铭》和《伊洛渊源录》的取材问题与朱熹发生的思想碰撞,分析这一碰撞的实质就是南宋前期程学(包括朱熹)在发展中出现了"二度抽离"的动向,而南宋浙东学派则试图扭转"二度抽离",由此展开了一系列学术实践,并与朱熹发生了直接或间接的辩论。本文尽管不认同余著对"二度抽离"始作俑者的认定,但认为"二度抽离"实为认识南宋思想分野的线索。

Question Consciousness in "Second Dissociation" and the Development of Eastern Zhejiang School in the Southern Song Dynasty: A Case Study of the Ideological Trend of Lv Zuqian in Qiandao and Chunxi Dynasties

Yu Yingshi criticized presented Neo-Confucianism researches with "second dissociation" in "The History world of Zhu Xi", the opinions caused quite a stir in the academic circles of history and Chinese philosophy. This paper attempted to analyze the ideological collisions between Lv Zuqian and Zhuxi on the materials in Xue Jixuan’s "Epitaph" and "Record of Yi Luo’s Origin", and presented that the essence of the collisions was Cheng Xue had "second dissociation" trend in its development in the early Song Dynasty, but Eastern Zhejiang School attempted to reverse "second dissociation" and launched a series of academic practices. The paper didn’t identify the recognition of the initiator of evil of "second dissociation", but it considered that "second dissociation" was an important clue to understand the the division of the thoughts in the Southern Song Dynasty.